In order not only to orient SMURBS solutions towards achieving policies, but also to identify potential legal gaps, we have performed a thorough, state of the art of the policy, principles and legal framework regarding urban Air Quality (incl. health aspects), Urban Growth (incl. migration issues) and (peri-)urban Disasters. The compilation and analyses of the legal provisions* was performed in 3 levels: International (UN), European (EU) and National/local.
The information pools included: desktop research (general UN and EU policies), the SMURBS consortium (internal survey on national, regional and local policies) and the broader research, academic, public, industry and NGO communities (online survey and interviews on local/city legal issues).
* date of issue: 31 October, 2018
This is the legal, UN-related framework for SMURBS research and action fields:
Air Quality
WMO, Protocol 1984, Gothenburg Protocol, Montreal Protocol, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, Minamata Convention on Mercury
Urban Growth
WHO, UN Habitat, Quito Implementation Plan, UrbanLex, VGSSM, UNCCD
Disasters
The Sendai framework
Migration
International Migration law IML, UNHCR Guidelines
General
Environmental rule of law, SDGs, Space law, Remote Sensing Principles
The SMURBS-relevant EU Legal Framework is:
Αir Quality
Directive 2016/2284/EC, Directive 2004/107/EC, Directive 2008/50/EC
Urban Growth
Leipzig charter on Sustainable European City, EU Strategy on Green Infrastructure, UN- NUA, 2004/35/EC
Disasters
SENDAI priorities, Paris Agreement, SEA, Seveso ΙΙΙ Directive, Floods Directive
Migration
Article 77 TFEU, EU Blue Card Directive
General
Copernicus data policy, INSPIRE Directive, GDPR
Legal framework is examined and assessed for:
Air Quality in
- Athens – Thesaloniki – Kalamata, Greece
- Gothenburg – Stockholm, Sweden
- Kyiv, Ukraine
- Brno, Czech Republic
- Hamburg, Germany
- La Paz, Bolivia
- Helsinki, Finland
Urban Growth in
- Kyiv, Ukraine
- Bari – Napoli – Trieste – Venice – Bologna, Italy
Disasters in
- Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Athens, Greece
- Bucharest, Romania
Migration in
- Greece
- Italy
- Slovenia